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1.Preface

2.What Is Double Entry Book-Keeping?
Debit And Credit; The Need For Two Records; A Check Of Accuracy;

3.Opening The Books Of Account
Assets, Liabilities And Capital; Accounts As An Equation;

4.The Day Books
Recording Daily Details: Books Of Prime Entry; Day Books Or Journals; Source Documents For The Book-Keeper; Debit Notes; Book-Keeping And Confidentiality;

5.The Purchase Day Book
How To Write Up The Purchase Day Book; Step By Step;

6.The Purchase Returns Day Book
Returning Unwanted Goods; Example;

7.The Sales Day Book
A. Frazer Records His Sales;

8.The Sales Returns Day Book
When A Customer Asks For A Credit; Example;

9.The Cash Book
What Is The Cash Book?; Recording Cash And Bank Transactions; Source Documents; Entering Debits And Credits;

10.The Cash Book: Money Paid In
Cash Book Entry Step By Step;

11.The Cash Book: Money Paid Out
Posting To The Credit Page; Step By Step;

12.Disagreeing With The Bank
Cash Book Versus Bank Statement; Noting Unpresented Cheques; Noting Bank Lodgements; Automatic Payments; Bank Charges And Interest; Returned Cheques; Errors;

13.The Bank Reconciliation

14.How To Prepare A Bank Reconcilation Statement
What You Need; Bank Reconciliation Step By Step;

15.The Petty Cash Book
The Petty Cash Float; Using The Imprest System; Keeping The Petty Cash Secure; A Helpful Analysis; Dual Status Of The Petty Cash Book;

16.How To Write Up The Petty Cash Book
What You Need; Entering The Folio References; Preparation: Numbering And Dating; Value Added Tax (Vat); Opening A New Petty Cashbook; Step By Step;

17.The Journal
A General Purpose Record; Examples Of Journal Entries; Information Needed For An Entry;

18.How To Write Up The Journal
Using Miscellaneous Source Documents; Filing Source Documents; Writing Up The Journal Step By Step;

19.The Postage Book
Writing Up The Postage Book Step By Step;

20.The Ledger
The Firm’s Official Record; Divisions Of The Ledger; The Nominal And Personal Ledger; Different Accounts Within The Ledger; A Variety Of Forms; Post Only From Books Of Prime Entry; Recording Each Transaction Twice;

21.Posting To The Ledger From The Day Books
What You Will Need; Posting From The Purchase Returns Day Book To The Ledger; Posting From The Purchase Day Book To The Ledger; Posting From The Sales Day Book; Posting From The Sales Returns Day Book;

22.Posting To The Ledger From The Cash Book
Posting From The Petty Cash Book; Step By Step;

23.Balancing The Ledger.
Balancing The Ledger Step By Step; Completing The Folio Columns; Important Points To Understand;

24.Discounts
Trade Discounts; Early Settlement Discounts; Discounts And Vat; Prime Entry Of Discounts In The Cash Book; Entering Early Settlement Discounts; Step By Step;

25.Control Accounts
Useful Summaries; Subdividing The Work; Advantages Of Using Control Accounts; Source Documents For Control Accounts;

26.Preparing Control Accounts Step By Step
What You Need; Note On Purchase And Sales Ledger Control Accounts; Step By Step;

27.The Trial Balance
A Listing Of Ledger Balances; Summary;

28.How To Extract A Trial Balance
What You Need; Preparation; Extracting A Trial Balance Step By Step; The Four Column Trial Balance;

29.The Trial Balance: Errors
Errors Revealed And Errors Not Revealed; Errors Which Will Be Revealed By A Trial Balance; Errors Not Revealed;

30.Accruals And Prepayments
Adjustments To Accounts; Example Of Accrued Expenses; Wages And Rent; Example Of Prepayment; Carrying Down Accruals And Prepayments;

31.Revenue Accounts
The Trading Account And Profit And Loss Account; The Trading Account; Contribution To Overheads; The Profit And Loss Account;

32.Stock In The Final Accounts
Opening And Closing Stock; Physical Stocktake; Why We Need A Counter-Entry For Stock;

33.How To Compile Revenue Accounts
What You Will Need; Adjustments Before You Start; Getting The Right Balance Into The Right Accounts;

34.Compiling Revenue Accounts Step By Step

35.The Balance Sheet
A Financial Snapshot; Management Data; Five Main Components Of The Balance Sheet;

36.Compiling A Balance Sheet Step By Step
Postings To Capital Account; Terminology; What You Need; Preparation; Horizontal And Vertical Formats; Part Of The Revenue Accounts;

37.Manufacturing Accounts

38.Compiling A Manufacturing Account Step By Step

39.Depreciation: The Straight Line Method
When Assets Drop In Value; Methods Of Calculating Depreciation; The Straight Line Method;

40.Depreciation: The Diminishing Balance Method
Diminishing Balance Method (Or Reducing Balance Method);

41.Other Methods Of Depreciation
The Sum Of The Digits Method; The Machine Hours Method; The Revaluation Method; The Depletion Method; The Sinking Fund Method; The Sinking Fund With Endowment Policy Method;

42.Depreciation Step By Step
What You Need; Note; Step By Step;

43.Accounting For Bad And Doubtful Debts
Postings; Saving Tax And Being Realistic;

44.Accounting For Bad And Doubtful Debts Step By Step
Posting To ‘provision For Doubtful Debts Account’ And ‘bad Debts Account’; Step By Step;

45.Partnership Accounts
What Is A Partnership?;

46.Partnerships: Appropriation Accounts
What You Need; Preparation;

47.Partnership Accounts Step By Step
Step By Step; Converting Final Accounts Into Vertical Format; Example: Frazer And Baines;

48.Amalgamating Sole Proprietorships Into A Partnership
Consolidation; Making The Adjustments; The ‘goodwill’ Value Of Each Business; Writing Off Goodwill After Amalgamation;

49.How To Consolidate Two Balance Sheets
Note On Depreciation; What You Need; Step By Step; Example; New Partner Joining; Partner Retiring;

50.Limited Companies
Public And Private Companies; The Company As A ‘person’; Share Capital; Authorised Share Capital; Ordinary And Preference Shares; Debentures;

51.Limited Companies’ Books And Accounts
The Profit And Loss Appropriation Account; A Limited Company’s Statutory ‘books’; Annual Audit; Special Points On Company Accounts;

52.Format Of Company Accounts
Directors Duties Regarding Accounts; Turnover And Cost Of Sales; Distribution Costs; Administration Expenses; Other Operating Income; Directors’ Report; Limitations Of Published Accounts; Internal Accounts;

53.Revenue Accounts Of Limited Companies
A Ledger Account; What You Need; Compiling Company Final Accounts Step By Step; Worked Example; Undistributed Profit;

54.Balance Sheets Of Limited Companies
No Ledger Posting Needed; Compiling A Company Balance Sheet Step By Step;

55.Going Limited
Three Methods Of ‘going Limited’; Adjustments To The Balance Sheet;

56.Going Limited: Worked Example

57.Club Accounts
Surpluses And Accumulated Funds; Format Of Club Accounts;

58.Club Accounts: Income And Expenditure
Preparing Final Accounts; What You Need;

59.Club Accounts Step By Step
Preparation; Bar Trading And Income And Expenditure Account Step By Step;

60.The Club Balance Sheet Step By Step
Compiling The Club Balance Sheet Step By Step;

61.Club Accounts: Adjustments And Subscriptions
End Of Year Adjustments; Accrued Income; Prepayment; Subscriptions;

62.Fixed Asset Register
Fixed Asset Register;

63.Asset Disposals
A Form Of Final Account; Closing Down Two Related Accounts; Three Pairs Of Postings; The Resulting Profit Or Loss;

64.Asset Disposals Step By Step
What You Will Need; Step By Step;

65.Correction Of Errors
The Right Way To Correct Errors; Types Of Error;

66.Correcting Errors Step By Step
Identifying Errors; Treatment Of Minor Errors; Looking For Errors In The Trial Balance Step By Step; Correcting Errors And Closing The Suspenses Account;

67.Value Added Tax
A Tax On Purchases; Vat Rates; Vat Records;

68.Accounting For Vat
The Prime Entries For Vat; Step By Step; Special Arrangements For Retailers;

69.Incomplete Records
‘shoebox Jobs’; The Capital Comparison Method; Capital Comparison Method Step By Step;

70.Capital Comparison Method Step By Step
What You Need; Step By Step; Example; Additional Proof For The Taxman;

71.Bank Account Analysis Step By Step
What You Need; Finishing The Job: Drawing Up Final Accounts; Step By Step;

72.Interpreting Accounts
A Variety Of Needs; Criticism Of Accounts; Consistency;

73.Interpreting Accounts: Example

74.Wages: Basic Principles

75.Coin Analysis And Wages Book
Making Up The Wage Packets; Wages Book/Deduction Cards;

76.Stock Records And Valuation
Basic Records; Stock Valuation Methods; First In First Out; Last In First Out; Average Cost Method; Example; Advantages Of Fifo Method; Disadvantages; Advantages Of Lifo Method; Disadvantages; Computerising The Stock Control System;

77.Encountering Deviations From Standard Methods
The Simplex System; The Slip System;

78.Using Spreadsheet Pages
How It Works; Speeding Up Ledger Posting; Sum Of The Years (Or Sum Of The Digits) Method Of Depreciation; Writing On Spreadsheet Pages; Adding Them Up; Calculating The C/D Balance; Configuring A Spreadsheet Page For Day Books; Making Things Easy For Yourse

79.New Developments In Electronic Book-Keeping
Advantages Of Computerised Book-Keeping Systems;

80.More Advanced Accounting
Break-Even Analysis; Cash Flow Projection; Investment Appraisal; Investing In Company Shares; Overhead Absorption;